Pernicious Anemia

Pernicious Anemia Alternative names is Macrocytic achylic anemia and Congenital pernicious anemia. Pernicious anemia is a chronic illness caused by impaired absorption of vitamin B-12. Vitamin B-12 is necessary for the formation of red blood cells. Pernicious anemia occurs as a relatively common adult form of anemia that is associated with gastric atrophy and a loss of IF production and as a rare congenital autosomal recessive form in which IF production is lacking without gastric atrophy. Anemia is a condition where red blood cells are not providing adequate oxygen to body tissues.

There are many types and causes of anemia. Intrinsic factor is a protein that helps the body absorb vitamin B-12. When stomach secretions do not have enough intrinsic factor, vitamin B-12 is not absorbed well. This results in pernicious anemia and other problems related to low levels of vitamin B-12. Pernicious anemia is therefore one of the types of megaloblastic anemia. The most common symptoms for megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia. However, each individual may experience symptoms differently.

Pernicious anemia are feeling tired and weak and having a bright red, smooth tongue. Common symptoms of nerve damage caused by this disease are tingling and numbness in the hands and feet.

Anemia is a condition where red blood cells are not providing adequate oxygen to body tissues. Absence of intrinsic factor itself is the most common cause of vitamin B-12 deficiency. Intrinsic factor is produced by cells in the stomach. In adults, the inability to make intrinsic factor can be the result of chronic gastritis or the result of surgery to remove the stomach.

The onset of the disease is slow and may take decades. While the term pernicious anemia is reserved for patients with vitamin B-12 deficiency due to a lack of production of IF in the stomach, vitamin B-12 absorption is complex and other causes of vitamin B-12 deficiency exist and are described briefly in this article. There are many types and causes of anemia. (See the general article - anemia ).

Causes of Pernicious Anemia

Common causes of Pernicious Anemia

• Nutrition.
• Infection (intestinal parasites, bacterial overgrowth)
• Gastrointestinal disease (stomach removal surgery, celiac disease, Crohn's disease)
• Drugs (colchicine, neomycin)
• Metabolic disorders.
• Gastrointestinal tract(Vitamin B-12).

Symptoms of Pernicious Anemia

Common Symptoms of Pernicious Anemia

• Pale or yellowish skin.
• Low-grade fever.
• Dizziness.
• Nausea.
• Decreased appetite.
• Weight loss.
• Pallor.
• Irritability.
• lack of energy or tiring easily.
• Diarrhea.
• Smooth and tender tongue.

Treatment of Pernicious Anemia

Common Treatment of Pernicious Anemia

• Blood transfusions are rarely required in patients with a megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B-12 deficiency.
• Treat the patient with adequate doses of Cbl.
• your tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies
• Treatment may include vitamin B12 injections( hydroxycobalamin , methylcobalamin , or cyanocobalamin)
• Well-balanced diet is essential to provide other elements such as folic acid , iron, and vitamin C for healthy blood cell development.

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